Method of Translation
Translation
is the communication of the meaning of a sources-language text by mean of an
aquivalent target- languages text. While interpreating- the facilitating of oral
or sign-language communication between user of different language- antedates
writing, translation began only after the appearance of written literatur.
Their exist partial translation of the summerian of Gilgamesh ( ca. 2000 BCE)
into southwest Asian languages of the second millennium BCE.
B. Methode Translation
Newmark
( 1988 b) mention the diffrence between translation methode and traslation
procedures. He Writes that “while
translation methode relate to whole texts, translation procedures are use for
sentences and the smaller units of language. He goes on to refer to the
following methode of translation:
1. Word-for-word
translation: in which the SL word order is preserved and the word translated
singly by their most common meanings, out of context.
2. Literal
translation in which the SL gramatical constructions are converted to their
nearest TL equivalent, but the lexical words are again translated singly, out
of context.
3. Faithful
translation: it attemps to produce the precise contextual meaning of the
original within the constraints of the TL gramatical structures.
4. Semantic
translation: which differs from ‘ faithful translation only in as far as it
must take more account of the aesthetic value of the SL text.
5. Adaption:
which is the freest form of translation, and is used mainly for plays (
Comedies ) and poetry; the themes character, plots are usually preserved, the
SL culture is converted to the TL culure and the text is rewritten.
6. Free
translation it produces the TL without the style, form, or content of the
original.
7. Idiom
matic translation it produces the TL the messages of the original but tends to
distort nuances of meaning by preferring colloquialisms and idiom where these
do not exist in the original.
8. Communicated translation it attamps to render
the exacpt contextual meaning of the original such a way that both content and
lnguage are readily acceptable and comprehensible to the readership ( 1988 b :
45-47).
C. Example
of the translations
1. Word
for word translation
Example
a. Look,
little guy, you-all shouldn’t be doing that.
Meaning: lihat, kecil anak, kamu semua
harus tidak melakukan ini.
b. I
like that clever student.
Meaning: saya menyukai itu pintar anak.
c. I
will go to new york tomorrow.
Meaning: saya akan pergi ke new york
besok.
d. Jesika
gave me to tickets yesterday.
Meaning: jesika memberi saya dua tiket
kemarin.
2. Literal
translation
Example
a. Look,
little guy, you-all shouldn’t be doing that.
Meaning: lihat, anak kecil, kamu semua
seharusnya tidak buat seperti itu.
b. Its
raining cats and dogs.
Meaning: hujan kucing dan anjing.
c. His
heart is in the right place.
Meaning: hatinya berada ditempat yang
benar.
d. The sooner or the later the weather will
change.
Meaning: lebih cepat atau lebih lambat
cuaca akan berubah.
3. Faithful
translation
Example
a. Sandi
is to well a ware that he is naughty.
Meaning: sandi menyadari terlalu baik
bahwa ia nakal.
b. I
have quite a few friend.
Meaning: saya mempunyai sama sekali tidak
banyak teman.
4. Semantic
translation
Example
He is a book-worm.
Meaning: dia laki-laki adalah seorang
yang suka sama sekali membaca.
5. Adaptation
Example
Hey John, dont make it
bad take a sad song and make it better
Remember to let her
into youre heart. Then you can start to make it better
( hey John, dimanakah
mengapa kau tinggalkan aku. Ingatlah-ingatlah kau padaku janji setiamu tak kan
kulupa.
6. Free
translation
Example
a. The
flowers in the garden
Meaning: bunga-bunga
yang tumbuh dikebun
b. How
they live on what he makes?
Meaning: bagaimana
mereka dapat hidup dengan penghasilanya?
c. Shela
is growing with happines
Meaning: shela hatinya
berbunga-bunga
d. Look,
little guy, you all shouldnt be doing this.
Meaning: degar nak,
mengapa kamu semumelakukan hal-hal seperti ini. Ini tidak baik.
7. Idiomatic
translation
Example:
a. Shaina
excuse me, Shaina!
Meaning: Shaina permisi
Shaina
b. I
can relate to that
Meaning: saya mengerti
maksudnya
c. Youre
cherry mood
Meaning: kamu kelihatan
ceria
d. Tell
me, Iam not in a cage now
Meaning: ayo, berikan
saya semagat bahwa saya orang bebas
e. Excuse
me?
Meaning: maaf, apa
maksud anda?
8. Communicative
translation
Example:
Beware of the dog
Meaning: awas anjing
galak

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